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UK Train Driver Psychometric Tests

Every trainee train driver on Great Britain’s mainline railway sits the same battery, set by RSSB’s standard RIS-3751-TOM and run at a registered assessment centre. Each test is passed on its own, the pass marks are not published and you are never shown a score. Practise the six tests that can be sat on a screen.

Is this the right test?

Yes, this page is for you

You have applied to be a trainee driver with a passenger or freight company on the GB mainline railway, and your invitation names tests such as Group Bourdon (GBD), TEA-Occ, TRP 1 and 2, WAFV, ATAVT, 2HAND, the SJE or the MMI.

No, London Underground is different

The standard covers the mainline railway only. London Underground runs its own selection process for train operators, with different tests.

No, trams sit outside the standard

Tram operators are not bound by RIS-3751-TOM and choose their own tests. One has been reported to set TRP1 and TRP2 alongside tests from outside the battery, so ask the operator what you will sit.

Nine criteria, one battery

Appendix A of RIS-3751-TOM sets the selection criteria and the test for each, as reproduced in RSSB’s December 2024 FAQ. Six of the tests can be practised faithfully on a screen. 2HAND, the SJE, the MMI and the optional written test are explained further down instead.

Attention

Group Bourdon

Paper. Sheets of dot groups; strike every group of four.

Practise: Group Bourdon (Dots Test)

Attention

TEA-Occ

Paper answer book with recorded tones: counting, a directory search, then both at once.

Practise: TEA-Occ Attention (Lift and Directory)

Memory

TRP1 (part 1b)

Paper. Learn a written procedure, hand it back, then answer questions on it.

Practise: TRP1 Rules and Procedures Memory

Reasoning

TRP2 (part 2)

Paper. Put four dials in the order to check them, by a rule you are taught.

Practise: TRP2 Dials Reasoning

Vigilance and reaction time

WAFV

Vienna Test System. A square flashes for 30 minutes; respond only when it darkens.

Practise: WAFV Vigilance (Grey Square)

Perception and reaction time

ATAVT

Vienna Test System. A traffic picture for about a second; say what was in it.

Practise: ATAVT Traffic Perception

Hand coordination

2HAND

Vienna Test System joysticks, steering a dot along a track.

Explained below

Behavioural aptitudes

SJE

On a computer. RSSB’s own situational judgement exercise.

Explained below

Communication and behavioural aptitudes

MMI

Face to face: the Multi-Modal Interview, with RSSB-certified assessors.

Explained below

Optional extra

Written Communication Test

Paper, marked by an assessor. Set by some companies only.

Explained below

The two halves of the day

Stage 1

Paper tests

Group Bourdon, TEA-Occ, TRP1 and TRP2, at a desk with a pencil. No clock is shown; the assessor calls time. TEA-Occ plays its tones from a recording.

Stage 2

Computer tests and the interview

WAFV, ATAVT and 2HAND on Schuhfried’s Vienna Test System, with its own response panel and joysticks, then the SJE and the Multi-Modal Interview.

Candidates describe the two stages on one day or across two, and the order varies between centres. Before each test the assessor reads the instructions and you work through examples, with help if you need it. Once the clock starts, no more questions are allowed and the room is silent. That example round is the real test’s practice; our games go straight to the test after their instructions, so read both instruction pages carefully.

The day is not called OPC testing. The OPC is one of eleven registered assessment centres, and it asks candidates not to use its name for the process. The process belongs to the company you applied to, which may run its own assessment centre or use an independent one.

How you pass: national and enhanced standards, and no scores

Every test is passed on its own. You must pass each core test, and a strong result on one does not make up for a weak one on another.

The pass marks are not published. RIS-3751-TOM sets no pass marks. RSSB recommends a national minimum for each test, and each company decides which marks it uses. Some ask for a higher enhanced standard of their own, and there is no single enhanced standard: each company sets its own.

You are never shown a score. Your results go to the company you applied to, usually within 5 to 10 working days, and you hear the outcome from the company. Feedback comes without scores; at The OPC it is verbal, on request within three months. A successful candidate gets no grade at all, because there is none to give.

Missing an enhanced standard is not the end. If you passed the national standard but not a company’s enhanced one, you can apply to a company that uses the national standard without waiting.

Our bands are not pass marks. Our games score each test and place your result in one of three bands: below the national standard, in its range, or in the range of an enhanced standard. Nothing official exists, so for the Group Bourdon, TRP1 and TRP2 the bands come from dated candidate accounts. Candidates do not report marks for the WAFV, TEA-Occ or ATAVT, so those bands are our own estimate. A company’s enhanced standard is its own.

Which companies used which standard in 2020

From The OPC’s list of 1 September 2020, which names only the companies that agreed to be listed. Names are today’s, with the name on the list where it differs, and one company that no longer runs the services it was listed for is left out. Six years on, check the current standard with the company before you rely on this.

National standard

  • CrossCountry (listed as Cross Country Trains)
  • DB Cargo UK (listed as DB Cargo Rail UK)
  • East Midlands Railway
  • GB Railfreight
  • Great Western Railway
  • Harsco Rail
  • Hull Trains (listed as First Hull Trains)
  • Nexus
  • Rail Operations Group
  • South Western Railway
  • Swietelsky

An enhanced standard

  • Avanti West Coast
  • Chiltern Railways
  • Eurotunnel
  • Freightliner
  • Greater Thameslink Railway (listed as GTR/Southern)
  • LNER
  • Merseyrail
  • Northern (listed as Northern Rail)
  • Southeastern (listed as South Eastern)
  • TransPennine Express (listed as First Transpennine Express)
  • Translink (Northern Ireland)

Attempts, waits and how long a pass lasts

  1. First failed attempt

    Your second attempt can be no sooner than one year after it.

  2. Second failed attempt

    Your third and last attempt can be no sooner than five years after the first failure, and at least a year after the second.

  3. Third failed attempt

    No more attempts at the process, with any company.

That is the three attempt rule, for anyone who starts the process on or after 7 December 2024. If you sat any part of it before then, the old rule of two attempts still applies to you. A pass from 7 December 2024 is valid for five years, and companies may still let you re-sit only the tests you failed.

Every sitting is on a national record. Results belong to the company you applied to and are kept on the RACF national database, which every registered assessment centre can see. Every company checks it when you apply, so a result follows you to every later application. Some companies count their online tests as attempts too, so ask before you sit them.

One application at a time. RSSB recommends finishing one company’s process before starting another, because the results from one application affect all the others.

2HAND, the SJE and the interview: explained, not simulated

2HAND needs the real joysticks. Schuhfried’s two-hand coordination test steers a dot along a track with two joysticks: candidates describe the left one moving the dot left and right and the right one moving it up and down, with the stick’s position setting the dot’s position. They report two practice runs and then ten, a beep in the headphones when you leave the track, and being told that speed and accuracy count equally. A mouse or a touchscreen cannot reproduce that, so we do not offer a stand-in.

The SJE is RSSB’s own, and kept back. RSSB describes it as a computerised measure of behavioural aptitudes designed to be used with the Multi-Modal Interview, and keeps its criteria out of the published standard so that candidates cannot use them for an unfair advantage. Published accounts of its format disagree: some describe rating each response on a five-point scale, others choosing which option you would carry out first. One 2023 candidate counted 21 questions and felt the answers shaped the interview; another said they had no bearing. We could build a plausible judgement test, but not this one, so we do not.

The Multi-Modal Interview is a structured interview. Candidates describe being given six "Describe a time when..." questions in advance with a short form for an example of each, then an interview that probes those examples and adds hypothetical follow-ups. Reported topics include following rules and procedures, an emergency, a time it was important not to make a mistake, keeping going in the face of difficulty, and a task like a driver’s. It is scored by RSSB-certified assessors, and a candidate who fails is told which topic area but not why. Prepare examples in the STAR shape; our guide to answering behavioural interview questions covers it.

The Written Communication Test is optional. Some companies set RSSB’s written test as well, and an assessor marks it. One candidate described writing a report from a picture storyboard.

Where our numbers come from, and what we cannot reproduce

No official practice material is public. RSSB says the company you applied to sends approved practice materials at least a week before your assessment. Item counts and timings in our games come from dated candidate accounts from 2013 to 2026. Where they disagree or say nothing, the figure is our choice.

The real Group Bourdon is paper. RSSB says a computerised Group Bourdon is not equivalent and is not recommended. Ours teaches the task, the marking rule and the pace, but a screen is not a pencil, so work through your company’s practice material on paper as well.

Our sounds and pictures are made, not recorded. The real TEA-Occ plays recorded tones; ours generates its tones in the browser, so check your sound before you start and turn off a phone’s silent switch. The real ATAVT shows photographs of traffic; ours shows drawn scenes of left-hand UK traffic with our own difficulty steps.

TRP1 uses our own procedures. For years candidates have described the same fictional procedure. We do not copy it: our passages are invented operating procedures of the same kind, and the reading, study and waiting times are our estimates.

WAFV is the full 30 minutes. The real test runs without a break, so leave the page for more than two seconds and the run is void. Set aside the half hour before you start.

Official resources

Frequently Asked Questions

What tests are in the train driver assessment?

Paper Group Bourdon and TEA-Occ for attention, WAFV for vigilance, TRP1 for memory, TRP2 for reasoning, ATAVT for perception, 2HAND for hand coordination, the Situational Judgement Exercise (SJE) and the Multi-Modal Interview (MMI). WAFV and ATAVT also measure reaction time. Some companies add the Written Communication Test or tests of their own.

Did the tests change in December 2024?

No. RSSB published Issue 4 of RIS-3751-TOM on 7 December 2024 and says no changes were made to the selection criteria or the tests in its Appendix A, which have been the same since 30 September 2013. The rules around them changed: attempts, waiting times and how long a result lasts.

How many attempts do I get?

If you start the process on or after 7 December 2024, three failed attempts in your lifetime. The second can be no sooner than a year after the first failure, and the third no sooner than five years after the first failure and a year after the second. If you sat any part before 7 December 2024, the old rule of two attempts applies.

What is the pass mark?

It is not published, and you are never told your scores. The standard itself sets no pass marks. RSSB recommends a national minimum for each test and each company decides which marks to use; some set a higher enhanced standard of their own. You pass or fail each test on its own.

How long do my results last?

Five years, for results from 7 December 2024. The company you apply to tells you what you need to sit, and part testing, re-sitting only the tests you failed, is still allowed.

What if I pass the national standard but not a company’s enhanced standard?

You can apply to a company that uses the national standard without waiting. The OPC’s assessment centre guide says so, and its feedback can tell you whether you met the national standard.

Is the Group Bourdon on paper?

Yes. RSSB’s standard says a computerised Group Bourdon is not equivalent to the paper one and is not recommended. Our screen version is for learning the task and building pace, and its instructions say so.

Does London Underground use the same tests?

No. The standard covers drivers on the GB mainline railway. London Underground runs its own selection process, and tram operators sit outside the standard too.

Are there official practice materials?

Yes, but only once you are invited. RSSB says the company you applied to sends approved practice materials at least a week before your assessment day. Nothing official is published openly.

Companies That Use the UK train driver battery

Trainee drivers on the GB mainline railway sit one standard battery, set out in RSSB’s Rail Industry Standard RIS-3751-TOM and delivered by registered assessment centres. Each train company chooses whether to accept RSSB’s recommended national standard or to ask for a stricter enhanced standard of its own.

Listed here only where a current public source names the battery. Many other passenger and freight operators recruit drivers through it.

Practice by Test Type

Compare the same format across every provider that uses it, and see what each one is really measuring.

About CogniPrep Train Driver Practice

CogniPrep provides practice versions of the screen-based tests in the psychometric battery for trainee train drivers on Great Britain’s mainline railway, set out in Appendix A of RSSB’s Rail Industry Standard RIS-3751-TOM and sat at registered assessment centres. Candidates also call it the train driver assessment or OPC testing. CogniPrep is not affiliated with RSSB, the Rail Assessment Centre Forum, any assessment centre or any train company.

  • 6 practice tests: Group Bourdon (Dots Test), TRP1 Rules and Procedures Memory, TRP2 Dials Reasoning, WAFV Vigilance (Grey Square), TEA-Occ Attention (Lift and Directory), ATAVT Traffic Perception
  • Group Bourdon, TEA-Occ, TRP1 and TRP2 on paper; WAFV, ATAVT and 2HAND on the Vienna Test System
  • Each test passed on its own; pass marks unpublished; no scores given to candidates
  • Three failed attempts in a lifetime from 7 December 2024, with waits of one and five years
  • Results valid for five years and kept on the national RACF database
  • GB mainline railway only: London Underground and trams use different processes

Ready to Start Practising?

Sign up for free to try the Group Bourdon dots test, or unlock all six train driver tests with unlimited sessions and feedback written against the national and enhanced standards.